'Intro lit. Grammatical person Essay\r'

'An Introduction\r\nWhat Is Literature and wherefore Do We Study It?\r\n• Literature [Roberts and Jacobs]\r\n†a constitution that tells a story, dramatizes a situation, expresses emotions, analyzes and advocates ideas\r\n†helps us grow in someone and aptly\r\n†language in use; whence inseparable from it\r\n†product of a particular gardening; even more culture-bound than language\r\n†makes us benevolent\r\nLiterary Genres\r\nFour genres of literature:\r\nProse fiction\r\n• desperate myths, storys, fables, novels, short stories\r\nPoetry\r\n• Open form and shut form\r\n• Relies on imagery, figurative language, sound\r\n childs play\r\n• Made up of dialogue and set heraldic bearing\r\n• Designed to be performed\r\nNonfiction prose\r\n• News reports, characteristic articles, essays, editorials, textbooks, historical and biographical flexs\r\nFICTION\r\n-every originative recreation and reconstruction of life w hich includes short stories and novels\r\n-myth and legend †origins and extraordinary events like wars, conquests, births, death, as well as the phenomena of nature\r\nElements of Fiction\r\n1. Setting\r\n• a work’s natural, manufactured, political, cultural and temporal environment, including everything that characters know and protest (place, time, objects) • Its purpose is to establish realism or verisimilitude, to trick up a story, and to create atmosphere or mood. • It may reinforce development of characters and theme.\r\n2. Characters\r\nthe representations of a human organism\r\nClassification of fictional characters:\r\n†Round (dynamic) = lifelike, fully-developed and recognizes changes in and adjusts to the mess †Flat = no growth, static\r\n†Stock = phonation of a group or class (stereotypical) †adorer = the hero or heroine, main person in the story, person on the quest, and so on †Antagonist = the person causing the conflict, in opposition to the protagonist, the obstacle, etc.\r\n vanadium modes of interrupting literary characters:\r\n1. Actions\r\n2. Descriptions\r\n3. Dramatic statements and thoughts\r\n4. Statements by other characters\r\n5. Statements by the author speaking as storyteller, or observer\r\n3. Plot and Structure\r\nthe appearance the natural actions are arranged in the story\r\n verbal expression of motivation and causation\r\n*In the story, the queen died and then the king died shortly after. Conflict †controlling appetency in a connected pattern of causes and do †Opposition of two or more forces (e.g., hatred, envy, anger, argument, avoidance, gossip, lies, fighting, etc.) -can be internal (man vs. himself) or external (man vs. fate/ set/other characters) Dilemma †conflict within or for one person\r\n†Conflict is a study element of plot because it arouses curiosity, causes doubt, and creates tension consequently producing engage among rea ders/audience.\r\nLITERARY DEVICE\r\nflashback\r\nforeshadowing\r\nlocal coloration †the superficial elements of setting, dialect, and customs\r\nClosed Plots\r\n1) Linear †arranged chronologic everyy\r\n2) Circular †combination of linear and flashback\r\n3) In Medias Res †begins in the middle part of the action\r\nStructure of Closed Plots\r\nPYRAMID PATTERN OF discipline\r\nExposition\r\nComplication\r\nCrisis\r\nClimax\r\nResolution (Denouement)\r\n4. pointedness of View\r\n• Refers to speaker, fibber, persona or articulatio created by the author to tell the story • Point of thought process depends on two factors:\r\n†Physical situation of the narrator as an observer\r\n†Speaker’s intellectual and emotional position\r\n• First person †I, we\r\n• tercet person †He, she, they (most common)\r\nOmniscient †all-knowing; delves into the minds of the characters at any point in the story Limited wise â₠¬ some insight\r\n5. Theme (Donnée)\r\nTheme embodies meaning, interpretation, description and significance of every detail in a literary piece along with set in order to appreciate it. It is non as diaphanous as character or setting. It is important to enumerate the meaning of what has been read and then develop an informative and comprehensive assertion. It points out the significant truth close to life and human nature that is illustrated in the actions, preoccupations, and decisions of the characters. It is not just some long-familiar saying or moral. Theme can be found in any of these:\r\n†direct statements by the authorial voice\r\n†direct statements by a first-person speaker\r\n†prominent statements by characters\r\n†figurative language, characters who stand for ideas\r\n†the work itself †as a whole\r\nTheme should be:\r\n1. express in complete statements\r\n2. stated as a generalization slightly life.\r\n3. a statement that account s for all major details in the story 4. be stated in more than one way\r\n5. should avoid statements that reduce the theme to some familiar saying\r\n6. Images\r\nâ€concrete qualities rather than abstract meanings which supplication to the five senses\r\n7. Symbolism\r\nSymbols stand for something other than themselves. They direct to mind not their own concrete qualities, only the idea or abstraction that is associated with them. Symbol creates a direct, meaningful equation between & among: †a specific object, scene, character, or action\r\n†ideas, values, persons or ship canal of life\r\nSymbols may be:\r\n†Archetypes (universal) = known by most literate people and have normally been used in most literary pieces therefore becoming representative figures (e.g., white dove, color black) †contextual (authorial) = private, created by the author †Allegory = complete and independent narrative (e.g., â€Å"Young Goodman Brown”) â€\r\nFable = stories about animals that possess human traits (e.g., Aesop’s Fables) †Parable = fable with moral or religious bent (e.g., biblical stories) †Myth = story that embodies and codifies religious, philosophical and cultural values of the civilization in which it is roll upd (e.g., George Washington chopping run through the cherry tree) †Allusion = the use of other culturally known works from the Bible, Greek and Roman mythology, famous art, etc.\r\n8. Tone and Style\r\n• Tone = methods by which writers and speakers reveal attitudes or feelings • Style = ways in which writers fulfil voice communication to tell the story, to develop an argument, dramatize the play, compose the poem • Essential aspect of style is language\r\nChoice of spoken communication in the service of surfeit\r\nFormal = standard or elegant words\r\nNeutral = everyday standard vocabulary\r\n on the loose(p) = colloquial, substandard language, slang\r\n• Language may be:\r\n†Specific = images\r\n†General = broad classes\r\n†Concrete = qualities of prompt perception\r\n†Abstract = broader, less palpable qualities\r\n• address = word meanings\r\n• Connotation = word suggestions\r\n• Verbal caustic remark = contradictory statements\r\n†One thing said, opposite is meant\r\n†chaff = satire, parody, sarcasm\r\n• Understatement = does not fully describe the importance of a situation †deliberately • Hyperbole (overstatement) = words far in excess of the situation\r\n'